(2012) concentrated on the competing priorities causing challenges in the pursuit of an event travel career, while Buning and Gibson (2015), Patterson et al. The shared affect facilitated communication and encouraged bridging (Quinn and Wilks, 2016). Thats what we try to offer., The Newport Folk Festival, which started back in 1959, is another one that has managed to adapt enough to remain a draw to crowds without compromising its vision to meet to attract corporate sponsorships. The other survey sample bias was towards female respondents since women tend to answer more eagerly research surveys (Smith, 2008). Don Smiley, the CEO of Summerfest, which takes place over 11 days each year in Milwaukee, says his organization has adapted to changing times to keep the annual event relevant. Specifically, it outlines: 1. Hinterland Music Festival is a multi-day music festival held at the Avenue of the Saints Amphitheater in St. Charles, Iowa, which was first held in 2015. Pearce, P.L. The purpose of the study is to compare features of career development and fandom in frequent festival attendance in the context of Finnish music festivals. Our standard is 660 pixels, but you can customize how the statistic is displayed to suit your site by setting the width and the display size. Music itself has changed, as well, making festivals a bigger attraction for listeners. 11 No. Sofia, a metal fan, emphasized how metal festivals had peaceful participants who behaved themselves: In rap festivals there are like fifty reports to police per evening and in metal festivals there are none during the whole weekend. In summary, music meant more to frequent festivalgoers and they also consumed more live music in general than casual festivalgoers, which can be interpreted as fandom for artists, musical genres, or both. Future of the arts festivals: do the views of managers and attendees match? (2010), The event-tourist career trajectory: a study of high-involvement amateur distance runners, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. Attendance at music concerts and festivals in the United Kingdom (UK) increased slightly in 2019 to reach just under 34 million. 3 No. Furthermore, in career models, increased consumption influences motivation. 3, pp. The main questions in her current studies are intertwined with the cultural, social and economic impacts and long-term effectiveness of creative productions, particularly in the context of arts and cultural events and festivals. Now we see them each summer at events in Finland. During the festival, attendees feel strong, if only temporary, social links among complete strangers (Rihova et al., 2015, p. 79) inside festival communitas that is free of everyday social and economic constraints. Dimensions of football fandom in Poland, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, Competing priorities as constraints in event travel careers, The consumption of music as self-representation in social interaction, Introduction to the special issue: music and tourism, A review of festival and event motivation studies, Festivaalibarometrin 13 000 osallistujaa kertoivat suuresta ikvstn festivaaleille [13 000 respondents of the Finnish Festival Barometer describe their intense longing for festivals], The role of festivals and events in the regional development of cities cases of two Finnish cities. They offered and enjoyed inclusivity of the festival: they could attend alone and yet not feel lonely; they talked to strangers and became friends with them; they smiled and were positive towards fellow attendees. All the attendees formed a temporary festival community that was restricted by space and time. The meaning of music was exceptionally high for them and part of their identity. and Moital, M. (2018), Customer-to-customer co-creation practices in tourism: lessons from customer-dominant logic, Tourism Management, Vol. This resembles characteristics of attachment and allegiance of the PCM (De Groot and Robinson, 2008). Performance is important in sports hobbies because of measurement and the desire to improve the results. OSF (2018), Participation in Leisure Activities: Changes in Cultural Participation 2017, Official Statistics Finland, Helsinki, available at: http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/vpa/2017/01/vpa_2017_01_2018-11-21_tie_001_en.html (accessed 28 August 2020). Advance tickets for 2019s Coachella sold out in about two-and-a-half hours, an hour faster than they sold out in the year prior, the Palm Springs Desert Sun reported. Jones, A. 439-459. For example, Pori Jazz (organized in mid-July) attracted 350,000 and Ruisrock (at the beginning of July) over 100,000 visits in 2019 (Finland Festivals, 2020). Statista. A suitable candidate for this is metal music, since it is exceptionally popular in Finland, metal fans are very loyal festival attendees (Kinnunen et al., 2019a), and there are several festivals that concentrate on metal music. Dec 2020 - Jun 20221 year 7 months. 10 No. (2015), What's my scene: festival fandom and the application of the big day out stage, in Creswell-Jones, A. and Bennett, R.J. (Eds), The Digital Evolution of Live Music, Chandos Publishing, Amsterdam, pp. Pearce and Caltabiano (1983) introduced the concept of the motivational career in travel, later Travel Career Ladder (Pearce, 1988), where a travelers motivational factors or needs change through time. Benefits like enjoyment and pleasure were gained from attendance, also well-being and getting energy for everyday challenges through social festival experiences (see also Meretse et al., 2016). According to the CDC, 2.6 million Americans died in . daily and featuring the latest statistics from the media, Getz, D. and Patterson, I. In respect to social aspects, festival communitas and social dimensions of festival attendance are recognised (Quinn and Wilks, 2016), but in the case of festival fans, the sense of belonging extends beyond the festival timeframe and it is currently undervalued. 0000002272 00000 n Rihova, I., Buhalis, D., Moital, M. and Gouthro, M.-B. This leads to changes in motivations for participation, like in the event travel career, most probably towards social benefits and well-being. Patterson, I., Getz, D. and Gubb, K. (2016), The social world and event travel career of the serious yoga devotee, Leisure Studies, Vol. Dr Mervi Luonila (DMus in Arts Management) works as Senior Researcher in the Center for Cultural Policy Research, Cupore. 2 No. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis attested that frequent festivalgoers were heavy users of live music. 2, pp. The highest attendance rates were at Cinemas and drive-ins (66.8%), Live music concerts and performances (38.2%) and Libraries and archives (30.9%). For example, Nina who has been following festival performances of the pop artist Antti Tuisku for 1 years, explained that I like to attend his gigs but I do not have a need to meet him or discuss with him. world relating to economic and political issues as well as The principal part of both fandom and event career is motivation. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. doi: 10.1080/14775085.2020.1822199. 3, pp. (Ed.) 1, pp. When it comes to attendance figures for 2019, the race for the top spot has been surprisingly close. Theyve invested and partially own many festivals, which gives [festivals] the longevity and continuity that gives them a brand, he says. Music-related fandom has been previously investigated in relation to artists and specific musical genres, but not so much in relation to music festivals in general. 2, pp. The aspect of combining fandom and career development has been studied in the framework of serious leisure in football fandom (Jones, 2000) and rock n roll fanatics' festival participation (Mackellar, 2009), but according to our knowledge not in the context of music festivals in general. 7-30. 1, pp. Suomi, K., Luonila, M. and Thtinen, J. Fan practices include the production of fan culture, like writing fan fiction and communicating on the Internet about the fan interest, as well as consumption practices like collecting items related to fandom or attending events, and travelling because of it (Bolderman and Reijnders, 2017; Duffett, 2013, 2014). Statista. The findings indicate frequent festivalgoers' internal and external role in festival productions. Interviewees were selected from those respondents of the Festival Barometer 2016 who had attended at least nine festivals a year and who had left their contact information for a possible interview. The final part of practices is appropriate behavior at festivals. Simply copy the HTML code that is shown for the relevant statistic in order to integrate it. The number of interviews was quite low. 32 No. Have you ever taken your children to a live music event such as a gig or concert or music festival? They were ready and willing to invest in festivals as an essential part of their lifestyle. Both time and money are invested in the fan interest (Cavicchi, 1998) since fandom entails following the fan interest; for example, for an artist or musical genre, physically by attending concerts or festivals, and virtually by reading and commenting on articles and fan pages. Music-related fandom has been previously investigated in relation to artists (Cavicchi, 1998; Henry and Caldwell, 2007; Vroomen, 2002) and specific musical genres (Hill, 2016; Sinclair and Dolan, 2015), but not so much in relation to music festivals in general (exceptions include Jones, 2015). 239-245. In music festival fandom, knowledge was in-depth information about the favorite festival and music festivals in general, both in Finland and abroad. (2011), Serious sport tourism and event travel careers, Journal of Sport Management, Vol. The respondents who indicated their gender as other and do not want to answer were dropped out of the analysis due to their low number. A 2019 Deloitte survey of millennialsa group that makes up at least 45% of the 32 million people who attend music festivals finds that most value experiences: 57% of respondents said they. Scotland reported the biggest jump in music tourists, up 38% year-on-year to. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). However, for 34% of planners, it's virtual event attendance, as statistics confirm. 8 No. This is apparent particularly in the context of large rhythm music festivals (Nordvall and Heldt, 2017; Kinnunen et al., 2019a). 77-101. Gardner, R.O. Kossakowski, R. (2017), Where are the hooligans? (Sofia). I never bothered to count but I attend several hundred gigs a year. (2012) regarding event travel career influence behavior. 131 15 28 No. North American music and sound companies with the largest revenue in 2019, Leading music and sound suppliers by revenue in North America in 2019 (in million U.S. dollars)*, North American music and sound companies with the most employees 2019, Leading music and sound suppliers by number of employees in North America in 2019 (in million U.S. dollars)*, U.S. retail sales of sound gear 2021, by category, Sound gear retail sales in the United States in 2021, by product category (in million U.S. dollars), Number of events promoted by Live Nation from 2008 to 2021, Number of concerts and festivals promoted by Live Nation from 2008 to 2021, Live Nation Entertainment's concert revenue from 2008 to 2021, Live Nation Entertainment's concert revenue from 2008 to 2021 (in billion U.S. dollars), Live Nation Entertainment's ticketing revenue from 2008 to 2021, Live Nation Entertainment's ticketing revenue from 2008 to 2021 (in million U.S. dollars), Live Nation stock and the coronavirus 2020, Coronavirus impact: share price of Live Nation from February 19, to March 11, 2020, Concert and movie theater attendance since the coronavirus outbreak U.S. 2020, Share of adults who have attended a music concert or movie theater since the coronavirus outbreak in the United States as of March 2020, Coronavirus and the media: support for restricting events U.S. 2020, Share of adults who support media events being postponed or canceled due to the coronavirus outbreak in the United States as of March 2020, Coronavirus and the media: opposition for restricting events U.S. 2020, Share of adults who oppose media events being postponed or canceled due to the coronavirus outbreak in the United States as of March 2020. Fandom is both personal and collective (Duffett, 2014). 18 No. That experiential economy has grown just as brands have gravitated toward festivals, looking to capitalize on the opportunities that one large group in a singular space presents, he says. Henry, P. and Caldwell, M. (2007), Imprinting, incubation and intensification: factors contributing to fan club formation and continuance, in Cova, B., Kozinets, R.V. Magazines, Digital 9 No. Cole, S.T. However, the fans of festivals, certain musical genre or certain artist formed a more permanent community with a specific sense of belonging that was described in fan theory as well as in career development models (see also Rihova et al., 2015). Funk and James (2001) developed a Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) to describe the depth of individuals' psychological connection to a sport or team. 226-237. Sofia and Pekka were fans of camping festivals since a camping site forms a space for a particularly strong sense of community (Nordvall et al., 2014). The major weight was on the qualitative data and methods. Lamont et al. With these demand dynamics, in 2019 we delivered growth in concerts revenue of 8%. (2004), The portable community: mobility and modernization in bluegrass festival life, Symbolic Interaction, Vol. 23 No. Our findings show that frequent music festival attendance is festival fandom and career development that are heavily intertwined in motives and practices, as summarized in Figure 1. Instead, as the participation frequency increases, skills and knowledge about the characteristics and practices of festival attendance and music festivals will increase accordingly. Furthermore, the practices related to frequent festival attendance might change over time. Kinnunen, M., Luonila, M. and Honkanen, A. Stebbins, R.A. (1992), Amateurs, Professionals, and Serious Leisure, McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal. Chart. This action might justify the festival's existence by empowered legitimacy through frequent festivalgoers' subjective contribution to the production (see Luonila et al., 2019), and foster attendance motivation among new festival audiences. His background is in sociology, and he is specialised in tourism and leisure studies. 1, pp. 68-73. Jones (2015) saw a postmodern music festival fan as a musical nomad who enjoyed the festival experience in general, not specific music per se. Because listening to music has become practically free (or subscription-based), the access is unprecedentedand makes live music that much more special, according to Chirinos. The idea was based on Maslow's (1954) hierarchy of needs, stating that as travel experience accumulates, the higher order needs become involved. Table 1 summarizes the survey respondents. Additionally, frequent festivalgoers' personal and psychological connection to music and festivals was on the level of attachment or allegiance (Funk and James, 2001), urging them in particular to commit to live music events and festivals. But the music festivals that have achieved a cultural cache are unlikely to recede from relevance anytime soon. Now that you have an idea of what the typical hardcore festie is like, here's why it matters: Talking about the evolution of the festival field, Kinnunen and others (2019a) argue that Nordic festivals have moved from many kinds of voluntary-based productions to more professional, business-oriented productions (see also Amberla, 2013). 4 No. Interviewees' background data is summarized in Table 2. Its very artist-focused., While the overarching trend of consolidating music festivals under corporations has not touched some of the nations oldest festivals, it has affected the way audiences experience other events. 1, pp. Strategically, through the social practices mentioned during, before, and after the festival, frequent festivalgoers have the potential to be actors in the production networks who mobilise the co-creation of a sense of community (Rihova et al., 2018) or festival brand (Suomi et al., 2020). (2020), Ironic festival brand co-creation, Journal of Business Research, Vol. Most successful worldwide music tours of all time as of November 2019, based on gross revenue (in million U.S. dollars) Highest grossing festivals worldwide in 2019 Highest grossing festivals. According to our findings, frequent festivalgoers are aware of the importance of their practices for festivals. Statistics for Epidemiology and Population Health Demographic Methods Clinical Trials, Molecular Epidemiology . 23-39. Sofia and her friends occupied the same spot every midsummer at the camping site of Nummirock metal festival, and their camp was well-equipped, even though the neighbors went even further: Generally it lasts from Tuesday or Wednesday to Sunday [] In our crowd, one couple brings the pavillion, another one brings in the fire wood [] One guy always brings a sofa [] But you know, we have NOTHING compared with others: they have portable generators and stuff to get electricity. Creative marketing strategist, vintage dance specialist, and award-winning speaker, Kristin Light has split her multi-decade eclectic career between the boardroom and the ballroom.<br><br>Co-founder of Refvik & Light Productions, her boldly simplistic marketing strategy launched the event company from literal rubble to multi-six-figure revenue in its first full year. There were around 462,000 followers of the participating festivals in Facebook, whereas the total number of visits to these festivals was 564,000 [1] in 2018. Looking at the unique number of booked artists, the distribution is similar: out of 9,651 booked artists, 36.3% are Electronic, 16.0% Rock, 12.7% Pop and 11.5% Hip Hop. Look up music festival near me, and youre likely to find one within at least a few hours drive. Frequent festivalgoers' knowledge and skills development comprised planning, self-control and using accumulated knowledge about festivals. Studies on career development show that devotion to a specific leisure activity involving frequent event attendance modifies future behavior in motives, preferences and patterns, intending to fulfil needs that have been changed through accumulated experience ( Getz, 2007, 2008 ). Her focus areas are festival audiences and their experiences. The aim for using a mixed methods approach was to get a deeper understanding of the phenomena of festival fandom and festival career development. Pitts, S.E. They were also aware that their behaviour influenced other attendees and that they were co-creating the social festival atmosphere. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. Get the best reports to understand your industry. However, these fans did not try to meet their idols in person. 1, pp. Both quantitative and qualitative data and methods were used in the study. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. The number of visits is not equivalent to the number of visitors. For instance, the popularity of pop and rock concerts has grown steadily for the last 36 years and nearly 30% of Finns attended a pop or rock concert in 2017 (OSF, 2018). Kaaboo. This statistic is not included in your account. When publishing one of these graphics, 0000000016 00000 n Magazines, Dolly Parton at the Newport Folk Festival, Or create a free account to access more articles, How Music Festivals Became a Massive Business in the 50 Years Since Woodstock. A 2019 Deloitte survey of millennialsa group that makes up at least 45% of the 32 million people who attend music festivalsfinds that most value experiences: 57% of respondents said they prioritized travel and seeing the world over owning a home. 1, pp. Additionally, socialities influence travel careers as the same interests create friendships among enthusiasts (Getz and Patterson, 2013). At the camping site, people chilled out to the point that they might not even enter the festival area (cf. 2, pp. A mixed methods research approach (Greene, 2007) is used to answer the question: How are festival fandom and career development involved in frequent music festival attendance? and Caltabiano, M.L. Interviewees pointed out how festival behavior comprised a code of conduct one should follow so that other people should be considered. As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be notified via e-mail. Then, theres the flipsidenot all music festivals are meant for the mainstream, and not all programmers want the influence of big promoters. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. Career development and fandom are related concepts. Thus, fans' performance (Duffett, 2013, p. 28) was part of the festival product, their behavior improved the product and consciously co-created the positive festival atmosphere. Finally, knowledge about different festival areas grew among frequent festivalgoers and they did not need festival area maps unless there had been major changes in their favorite festival. Firstly, buying tickets in good time for festivals that would be sold out, and planning the travel and accommodation, especially in the case of festivals abroad to save money. So that model is super integral as to why artists and agents are focusing so hard on music festivals.. Buning, R.J. and Gibson, H. (2015), The evolution of active-sport-event travel careers, Journal of Sport Management, Vol. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. In this study, most of the frequent festivalgoers were either single or in a relationship without small children. Visit emeraldpublishing.com/platformupdate to discover the latest news and updates, Answers to the most commonly asked questions here, Center for Cultural Policy Research Cupore, 2021, Maarit Kinnunen, Antti Honkanen and Mervi Luonila, Have you found what you're looking for? Fandom entails an emotional relationship towards the object of fandom that will be called fan interest from now on. R(W@&!I9oOf]Oz}8QP{0voy}fs' UTo/o2O.b3R16A\vdK0|}|lgb1xMpZxoKwZ0t}V`hN56TxQ`Ir@c=mC>yNbMUR;-P-cQ8+&} +0?x 8dD*>A)2Tk5dD)a$-S-v7%B[N_g:]#$)=g& '5khc'nSoZH#B|n rE"I 6iE0|E#13}Ai\s, uFzE`ba~]H~)%2#X*b34"Qtb6Eg7Z^J#C}z%J@)' g]%NJ;U?$Aj'2:%crp + (kZm>f{JOx3Cc1yXm0^521249R"+4xIDZM 2, pp. Kinnunen, M., Homi, H. and Honkanen, A. Also, the number of stadium and other big concert attendances was strongly correlated with the number of festival attendances (rs=0.233, p=0.000). Long Waits, Short Appointments, Huge Bills. For instance, the three-day Ruisrock festival had 105,000 visits in 2018. Bias was caused by the distribution of the web survey via social media. Attendance across the three days reached 3.3 million in 2015, earning it the title of "largest attendance at a music festival", according to Guinness World Records. Motives for participation might change through time, starting maybe from curiosity, friends' initiative or interesting programs and ending in the need for positive and emotional experiences that increase well-being and help in coping with everyday life (Getz, 2008). (2013), Social worlds as a framework for event and travel careers, Tourism Analysis, Vol. This means that live music is an essential part of a frequent festivalgoer's life, like for Tiina who summarizes that I see the Finnish musical scene (laugh) so that the summer is predominantly the festival season and the winter is the time for club gigs and concerts. This means that frequent attendees understand how important it is for the overall festival experience that they contribute to the festival atmosphere. Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1139010/festival-and-events-attendance-canada/, Elevent. and Fouts, G.T. Then they heard us speaking [Finnish] and we got acquainted since we let them into our camp. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? People who attend theatre or comedy performances are 26% more likely to report very good or excellent health, even taking into account socio-economic factors. Amberla, K. (2013), Festivals in Finland, in Ngrier, E., Bonet, L. and Gurin, M. (Eds), Music Festivals, a Changing World, Michel de Maule, Paris, pp. Getz and Andersson (2010, 2020) argued that progress in an event career is first and foremost dependent on the level of involvement. Theyll fly to a show, get paid six figures, fly home, Bahl says. %PDF-1.7 % Does Statista also create infographics in a customized design? The difference was statistically significant (2=8.77, p=0.003). 296-313. The most important theoretical contribution is that according to our findings in frequent festival attendance, both festival career development and festival fandom are most clearly present in motivation development and social dimensions. 3, pp. Of the 20 shows the Offspring is playing the remainder of this year, about 15 are at music festivals. Identification with other fans leads to social connections with them (Duffett, 2013), which in turn is related to well-being (Reysen et al., 2017; see also Packer and Ballantyne, 2011). 2022 Conference and Festivals Demographics 2022 Event Statistics Economic Impact Analysis Event Facts & Figures Press Quotes & Participation Press Quotes Press Quotes Nonetheless, its approximately two million visitors in 2019 granted it a sizable margin to the roughly 750,000 festival fans visiting Polish Pol'and'Rock festival in 2019. In the U.S., over the past five years consumer spending on live entertainment has grown 7% annually, providing strong structural tailwinds to drive increased demand for concerts globally. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Lexhagen, M., Lundberg, C. and Chekalina, T. (2019), Traveling in the footsteps of ABBA, The Journal of Popular Culture, Vol. Funk, D.C. and James, J. You only have access to basic statistics. Getz, D. (2008), Event tourism: definition, evolution, and research, Tourism Management, Vol. 1275-1298. Skills development in turn is a fundamental part of an event travel career. Source: wikimedia.org. Memphis Grizzly fans attend an NBA playoff game . During the pandemic . 29-40. Wood, E.H. and Kinnunen, M. (2020), Emotion, memory and re-collective value: shared festival experiences, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. Based on music festival demographics, their average age is 32, and they are more likely to be male (59%) than female (41%). (2009) stated that consuming music has a significant role in the individual's representation of self in social interactions, and that music depicts music consumers' desired self-image. 555-569. Additionally, she conducts her post-doctoral research project in UNIARTS Helsinki, focusing on the network management of arts productions. 16-26. 3, pp. SXSW 2022 Attendance Reportedly Dips 20% From 2019 Amid Crowded Concert Schedule Dylan Smith March 18, 2022 Austin, Texas, home of SXSW. First, a music festival attendee might be a fan of an artist. 32 No. 163-173. The 2019 edition touted as the most expensive production (organisers decline to confirm exact figures), welcomed 400,000 visitors over two weekends and featured over 1000 artists in 18 stages . (2006), Defining and designing mixed research synthesis studies, Research in the Schools, Vol. To use individual functions (e.g., mark statistics as favourites, set Rather, the fandom meant enjoying the music, the overall performance and sense of belonging with other fans. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Live Music" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Sleeping in a tent for days to catch a glimpse of Beyonc making history at Coachella. 171 Media/Press in Attendance 492 Sessions 8,274 Conference Attendees 4,653 Public Attendees 1,202 Speakers 79,525 Square Feet Exhibit Space 161 Getz, D. and Andersson, T.D. 22-35. 283-298. Coronavirus impact on live music in the UK, Advertising spending in the U.S. 2020-2024, Film industry in the United States and Canada - statistics & facts, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. Currently, you are using a shared account. In addition, Pauli is a good example of other competing priorities. (Statista) 8. The lineup was headlined by Dashboard Confessional and G. Love & Special Sauce, and included Big Head Todd and the Monsters, Serena Ryder, Army Navy and The Appleseed Cast. 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