Any applicant who fails the examination twice shall wait six months before applying to retake the examination. (B) The superintendent, except as otherwise provided, shall do all of the following in regard to this chapter: (2) Issue all orders necessary to implement this chapter; (3) Investigate complaints concerning the violation of this chapter or the conduct of any licensee; (4) Establish and maintain an investigation and audit section to investigate complaints and conduct inspections, audits, and other inquiries as in the judgment of the superintendent are appropriate to enforce this chapter. The superintendent of real estate shall issue a real estate broker's license when the superintendent is satisfied that: (A) An applicant who is not a partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation satisfies one of the following: (1) Has received a passing score on each portion of the real estate broker's examination as determined by rule by the real estate commission; (2) Is qualified to be licensed without examination as a nonresident real estate broker, under division (E) of section 4735.07 of the Revised Code. (C) "Agent" and "real estate agent" mean a person licensed by this chapter to represent another in a real estate transaction. (A)(1) The Ohio real estate commission may adopt reasonable rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, necessary for implementing the provisions of this chapter relating, but not limited to, the following: (a) The form and manner of filing applications for licensure; (b) Times and form of examination for license; (c) Placing an existing broker's license on deposit or a salesperson's license on an inactive status for an indefinite period; (d) Specifying the process by which a licensee may resign the licensee's license; (e) Defining any additional license status that the commission determines is necessary and that is not otherwise defined in this chapter and establishing the process by which a licensee places the licensee's license in a status defined by the commission in the rules the commission adopts; (f) Clarification of the activities that require a license under this chapter; (g) Permitting a broker to act as principal broker for more than one brokerage. (F) "Foreign real estate dealer" includes any person, partnership, association, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or corporation, foreign or domestic, who for another, whether pursuant to a power of attorney or otherwise, and who for a fee, commission, or other valuable consideration, or with the intention, or in the expectation, or upon the promise of receiving or collecting a fee, commission, or other valuable consideration, does or deals in any act or transaction specified or comprehended in division (A) of this section with respect to foreign real estate. JX. The superintendent may defend any such action on behalf of the fund and shall have recourse to all appropriate means of defense and review, including examination of witnesses, verification of actual and direct losses, and challenges to the underlying judgment required in division (B)(4)(a) of this section to determine whether the underlying judgment is based on activity only a licensed broker or licensed salesperson is permitted to perform. (C)(1) Every citation served under this section shall give notice to the licensee of the alleged violation or violations charged and inform the licensee of the opportunity to request a hearing in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code. Dismiss For any second offense under this division, the commission shall suspend for a minimum of two months or revoke the license of the broker or salesperson. In representing any client in an agency or subagency relationship, the licensee shall be a fiduciary of the client and shall use the licensee's best efforts to further the interest of the client including, but not limited to, doing all of the following: (A) Exercising reasonable skill and care in representing the client and carrying out the responsibilities of the agency relationship; (B) Performing the terms of any written agency agreement; (C) Following any lawful instructions of the client; (D) Performing all duties specified in this chapter in a manner that is loyal to the interest of the client; (E) Complying with all requirements of this chapter and other applicable statutes, rules, and regulations, including the Ohio fair housing law, division (H) of section 4112.02 of the Revised Code, and the federal fair housing law, 42 U.S.C.A. The fee for the examination, when administered by the superintendent, is sixty-eight dollars. (B) A licensee who negotiates directly with a seller, purchaser, lessor, or tenant pursuant to a written authorization as described in division (A) of this section does not violate division (A)(19) of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code and negotiations conducted by a licensee pursuant to the authorization shall not create or imply an agency relationship between that licensee and the client of that exclusive broker. (D) Compliance with division (C) of this section does not relieve a broker described in that division of any obligations to supervise an affiliated licensee, or of any other requirements of this chapter or rules adopted pursuant to this chapter. The exercise of authority for withdrawals does not constitute a violation of any provision of division (A) of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code. Ohio Rev. (P) "Reactivate" means the process prescribed by the superintendent of real estate and professional licensing to remove a license from an inactive, suspended, or broker's license on deposit status to allow a licensee to provide services that require a license under this chapter. (M) "Inactive license" means the license status in which a salesperson's license is in the possession of the division, renewed as required under this chapter or rules adopted under this chapter, and not associated with a real estate broker. (B) An out-of-state commercial salesperson may perform those acts that require a real estate salesperson license under this chapter with respect to commercial real estate, provided that the out-of-state commercial salesperson meets all of the following requirements: (1) Is licensed with and works under the direct supervision of the out-of-state commercial broker; (2) The out-of-state commercial broker with whom the salesperson is associated meets all of the requirements of division (A) of this section ; (3) Provides the Ohio broker who is working in cooperation with the out-of-state broker with whom the salesperson is associated, with a copy of the commercial salesperson's current certificate of good standing from the jurisdiction where the out-of-state commercial salesperson maintains an active real estate license in connection with the out-of-state commercial broker; (4) Collects money, including commissions, deposits, payments, rentals, or otherwise, only in the name of and with the consent of the out-of-state commercial broker under whom the out-of-state commercial salesperson is licensed. (A) The duties required of a licensee under section 4735.62 of the Revised Code may not be waived by a client. (4) As used in this division, "armed forces" means the armed forces of the United States or reserve component of the armed forces of the United States including the Ohio national guard or the national guard of any other state. (8) Procuring a license under this chapter, for the licensee or any salesperson by fraud, misrepresentation, or deceit; (9) Having violated or failed to comply with any provision of sections 4735.51 to 4735.74 of the Revised Code or having willfully disregarded or violated any other provisions of this chapter; (10) As a real estate broker, having demanded, without reasonable cause, other than from a broker licensed under this chapter, a commission to which the licensee is not entitled, or, as a real estate salesperson, having demanded, without reasonable cause, a commission to which the licensee is not entitled; (11) Except as permitted under section 4735.20 of the Revised Code, having paid commissions or fees to, or divided commissions or fees with, anyone not licensed as a real estate broker or salesperson under this chapter or anyone not operating as an out-of-state commercial real estate broker or salesperson under section 4735.022 of the Revised Code; (12) Having falsely represented membership in any real estate professional association of which the licensee is not a member; (13) Having accepted, given, or charged any undisclosed commission, rebate, or direct profit on expenditures made for a principal; (14) Having offered anything of value other than the consideration recited in the sales contract as an inducement to a person to enter into a contract for the purchase or sale of real estate or having offered real estate or the improvements on real estate as a prize in a lottery or scheme of chance; (15) Having acted in the dual capacity of real estate broker and undisclosed principal, or real estate salesperson and undisclosed principal, in any transaction; (16) Having guaranteed, authorized, or permitted any person to guarantee future profits which may result from the resale of real property; (17) Having advertised or placed a sign on any property offering it for sale or for rent without the consent of the owner or the owner's authorized agent; (18) Having induced any party to a contract of sale or lease to break such contract for the purpose of substituting in lieu of it a new contract with another principal; (19) Having negotiated the sale, exchange, or lease of any real property directly with a seller, purchaser, lessor, or tenant knowing that such seller, purchaser, lessor, or tenant is represented by another broker under a written exclusive agency agreement, exclusive right to sell or lease listing agreement, or exclusive purchaser agency agreement with respect to such property except as provided for in section 4735.75 of the Revised Code; (20) Having offered real property for sale or for lease without the knowledge and consent of the owner or the owner's authorized agent, or on any terms other than those authorized by the owner or the owner's authorized agent; (21) Having published advertising, whether printed, radio, display, or of any other nature, which was misleading or inaccurate in any material particular, or in any way having misrepresented any properties, terms, values, policies, or services of the business conducted; (22) Having knowingly withheld from or inserted in any statement of account or invoice any statement that made it inaccurate in any material particular; (23) Having published or circulated unjustified or unwarranted threats of legal proceedings which tended to or had the effect of harassing competitors or intimidating their customers; (24) Having failed to keep complete and accurate records of all transactions for a period of three years from the date of the transaction, such records to include copies of listing forms, earnest money receipts, offers to purchase and acceptances of them, records of receipts and disbursements of all funds received by the licensee as broker and incident to the licensee's transactions as such, and records required pursuant to divisions (C)(4) and (5) of section 4735.20 of the Revised Code, and any other instruments or papers related to the performance of any of the acts set forth in the definition of a real estate broker; (25) Failure of a real estate broker or salesperson to furnish all parties involved in a real estate transaction true copies of all listings and other agreements to which they are a party, at the time each party signs them; (26) Failure to maintain at all times a special or trust bank account in a depository located in this state. The development and maintenance of a policy under this section shall not relieve a brokerage from liability for the failure of the brokerage, any licensee of the brokerage, or any employee of the brokerage, to maintain the confidentiality of confidential information of a client. Upon withdrawal of the notice of hearing, the superintendent shall notify the complainant and licensee of the superintendent's determination and basis for the determination. The extension shall not exceed the total number of months that the licensee served in active duty. (iii) Twenty hours of instruction in real estate appraisal; (iv) Twenty hours of instruction in real estate finance; (v) The training in the amount of hours specified under divisions (B)(6)(a)(v), (vi), (vii), and (viii) of this section. The general laws of the state of Ohio. . (C) Each applicant for a broker's license shall be examined in the principles of real estate practice, Ohio real estate law, and financing and appraisal, and as to the duties of real estate brokers and real estate salespersons, the applicant's knowledge of real estate transactions and instruments relating to them, and the canons of business ethics pertaining to them. The commission shall decide within sixty days of the filing of the hearing examiner's report or within sixty days of the filing of an Ohio civil rights commission complaint. All fines imposed pursuant to division (I)(3) of this section shall be credited to the real estate recovery fund, which is created in the state treasury under section 4735.12 of the Revised Code. (A) A broker who has the exclusive authority to represent a client under a written exclusive agency agreement, exclusive right to sell agreement, or exclusive purchaser agency agreement may authorize other licensees to negotiate directly with that client. (H) An investigation under this section is subject to section 4735.32 of the Revised Code. The division of real estate operating fund shall be assessed a proportionate share of the administrative costs of the department of commerce in accordance with procedures prescribed by the director of commerce. To change the party a licensee represents in a real estate transaction after an agency disclosure statement has been signed and dated or following verbal disclosure of the agency relationship, the licensee shall obtain written consent from the party originally represented to represent another party in the transaction. (C) A licensee does not breach any duty or obligation to the purchaser by acting as an agent or subagent for other purchasers, or as an agent or subagent for sellers, except that any dual agency relationship must be disclosed to a client pursuant to section 4735.71 of the Revised Code. If the certified notice is returned because of failure of delivery, or was refused or unclaimed, the notice, written reports, or determinations are deemed served if the superintendent sends the notice, written report, or determination via regular mail and obtains a certificate of mailing of the notice, written reports, or determination. A foreign real estate dealer's license may be issued at any time for the remainder of the calendar year. (A) If the check or draft instrument was submitted by a licensee, the superintendent shall also notify the licensee that the licensee's license will be suspended unless the licensee, within fifteen days after the mailing of the notice, submits the fee and a one-hundred-dollar fee to the superintendent. (EE) "Licensee" means any individual licensed as a real estate broker or salesperson by the Ohio real estate commission pursuant to this chapter. (F) The superintendent may reserve the right to bring a civil action against a party that fails to pay a civil penalty for breach of contract in a court of competent jurisdiction. Licenses may be issued under sections 4735.01 to 4735.23 of the Revised Code, to nonresidents of this state and to foreign corporations, subject to the following additional requirements: (A) The licensee, if a broker, shall maintain an active place of business in this state. It shall be in the form the superintendent prescribes and shall contain the following information: (1) The name and complete residence and business addresses of the applicant; (2) The name of the foreign real estate dealer who is employing the applicant or who intends to employ the applicant; (3) The age and education of the applicant, and the applicant's experience in the sale of foreign real estate; whether the applicant has ever been licensed by the superintendent, and if so, when; whether the applicant has ever been refused a license by the superintendent; and whether the applicant has ever been licensed or refused a license or any similar permit by any division or superintendent of real estate, by whatsoever name known or designated, anywhere; (4) The nature of the employment, and the names and addresses of the employers, of the applicant for the period of ten years immediately preceding the date of the application. (2) The licensee is convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude. Notwithstanding division (K) of section 121.08 of the Revised Code, the superintendent of real estate and professional licensing shall request that criminal record information based on the applicant's fingerprints be obtained from the federal bureau of investigation as part of the criminal records check. Landlord's Corner - Abandonment clauses in leases. Ohio law also allows that, in addition to this penalty, anyone who violates the law can be subject . See Adverse Possession: Continuous Trespassers' Rights for more details. Before a licensee obtains the consent of any party to a dual agency relationship, the licensee shall disclose to both the purchaser and the seller all relevant information necessary to enable each party to make an informed decision as to whether to consent to the dual agency relationship. property line encroachment laws. If it is determined that the licensee has been convicted of any criminal offense, the superintendent may immediately suspend the license of the licensee. The license of every foreign real estate dealer and salesman shall expire on the thirty-first day of December of each year, and may be renewed upon the filing with the superintendent of real estate of an application for renewal, and the payment of the fee prescribed in section 4735.15 of the Revised Code, not less than fifteen or more than sixty days before the expiration of the old license. At the request of the superintendent of real estate, the department of higher education may, in consultation with the division of real estate, perform a review of programs offered by an institution of higher education pursuant to division (B)(6)(a) or (b) of section 4735.07 and division (F)(6) of section 4735.09 of the Revised Code. Encroachments often occur when a neighbor puts up a new fence or builds out . The application fee shall be nonrefundable. Ohio Rev. (C) If the check or draft instrument was remitted by an applicant for licensure, that application shall automatically be rejected or approval withdrawn, unless the applicant, within fifteen days after the mailing of the notice, submits the fee and a one-hundred-dollar fee to the superintendent. (J) Not earlier than the date of issue of a real estate salesperson's license to a licensee, but not later than twelve months after the date of issue of a real estate salesperson license to a licensee, the licensee shall submit proof satisfactory to the superintendent, on forms made available by the superintendent, of the completion of twenty hours of instruction that shall be completed in schools, seminars, and educational institutions approved by the commission. (B) If the check or draft instrument was remitted by a person or entity applying to qualify foreign real estate or renew a property registration, the superintendent shall also notify the applicant that registration will be suspended, unless the applicant, within fifteen days after the mailing of the notice, submits the fee and a one-hundred-dollar fee to the superintendent. Determining Responsibility for a Line . (C) Any oil and gas land professional who fails to register with the superintendent pursuant to this section is subject to the penalties for unlicensed activity as found in section 4735.052 of the Revised Code. Within fourteen business days thereafter, the superintendent shall review the report and determine whether there exists reasonable and substantial evidence of a violation of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code by the licensee. (A) The Ohio real estate commission is a part of the department of commerce for administrative purposes. 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